To what extent does Franz Kafka's life experience influence the novel "The Metamorphosis." Provide in-depth detail.

Franz Kafka’s life experiences had a direct influence on his novella The Metamorphosis. The hypochondriac author tells a story of a man/creature in decline, a fate that Kafka experienced himself, albeit less fantastically.
As a Jewish man living in Austria, Kafka experienced the rejection and isolation that anti-semitism brought on his community. In the story, Gregor experiences a similar sense of loneliness after his transformation into a giant insect. The harsh treatment that others inflict upon him are indicative of Kafka’s experiences, as those outside of his religious and ethnic community would behave in a manner sometimes similar to those who come in contact with Gregor.
Kafka’s experiences with his own family seem to have a strong influence on the story as well. His overbearing father caused Kafka to develop a sense of anxious isolation, as Gregor likewise experiences in the story. Another similarity is the fact the Kafka lived with his parents after graduating from college. This sense of dependence is mirrored in the story, as Gregor becomes incapable of caring for himself.
Gregor becomes further isolated as the family enjoys meals and music without his company. His appearance causes his mother to cry and faint, his father to swat and throw apples at him, and his sister to gradually resent him. Drawing on a family that was cold and distant, a failed marriage engagement, and a notable lack of self-esteem, Kafka tells a story that transfers at least some of his own feelings onto his character in The Metamorphosis. Gregor is lonely and gradually resentful of his circumstances, as Kafka no doubt experienced.
The author’s stressful life experiences and the stories produced by that tension gave us the term “Kafkaesque,” meaning full of anxiety and uncertainty. These isolating emotions are on full display in Gregor’s story as he is rejected by those he loves most.

There are many parallels, or similarities, between the real life of Franz Kafka and the fictional life of Gregor Samsa, the protagonist of “The Metamorphosis.” For one, Kafka had a domineering and critical father in real life, paralleled by Gregor’s hostile and cruel father in “The Metamorphosis.” Kafka’s mother was dominated by his grumpy father, just like Gregor’s parents in the novel. Kafka felt intimidated by his emotionally distant father in the novel and felt weak and unsuccessful because of him, as Kafka felt toward his father. Gregor’s father seemed to consider money and social position of great importance as did Kafka’s father. Kafka’s father even directed his rage toward his son Franz, as did Mr. Samsa in “The Metamorphosis,” for example, when he angrily threw an apple at Gregor. Unlike Gregor, Franz Kafka had 3 sisters (and 2 younger brothers who died in infancy); however, Kafka took his role as big brother seriously and was closer to his youngest sister, Ottla, than other members of his family. Similarly, Gregor was closest to his younger sister Grete in “The Metamorphosis,” at least until she became rather uncaring and hostile toward him later in the novel, just as Mr. Samsa, their father, did. Franz Kafka even chose to live with his family for most of his adult life, as did Gregor Samsa in the novel.
The real-life Kafka also seemed unhappy and mentally and physically delicate, as did the character of Gregor. In “The Metamorphosis,” Gregor Samsa was a traveling salesman (at least until his transformation into a vermin). The real-life Franz Kafka worked in the field of insurance. Like Gregor, however, Kafka hated his work but took it very seriously, working hard to do what was required of him as an employee. The general alienation (or disconnection from society, including his family) and anxiety that Gregor demonstrated so much in “The Metamorphosis” were also feelings that Franz Kafka felt on a fairly continual basis. In real life, Kafka often felt isolated from society and did not understand the strange world in which he lived, which is mirrored by Gregor’s character in “The Metamorphosis.”

Further Reading:
https://www.biography.com/people/franz-kafka-9359401
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Franz-Kafka
http://www.kafka-online.info/franz-kafka-biography.htm

Like Gregor Samsa, who lives with his parents, Kafka was deeply shaped by his immediate family. He lived in the same neighborhood as his parents for almost his entire life. He had a complicated relationship with them, especially with his father, who, like many in middle-class European society, did not approve of his son's literary aspirations. Kafka's father was a successful businessman and hoped that his son would follow what he deemed a more practical pursuit. Gregor's father in "The Metamorphosis" is also a problematic figure. His family depends on his income as a salesman to maintain their lifestyle, but when he transforms into a bug, his family quickly loses interest in him. They are not willing to support him in the same way he had provided for them, and his parents treat him with a combination of neglect and outright cruelty.
The bleak tone of "The Metamorphosis" and much of Kafka's body of work surely must have been influenced by the sad state of his personal health. He suffered from chronic illness throughout his life and died of tuberculosis. So the physical decline experienced by Gregor Samsa, while absurd, may have been an allusion to the illnesses endured by Kafka himself.
https://www.biography.com/writer/franz-kafka