How do David Walker and Alexander Crummell respond to the idea of colonization?

David Walker was against the idea of African-American colonization. He thought that the United States belonged more to the slaves than it did the whites because slavery and its products made up a lot of the US economy. He also called for slave revolts so stridently that William Lloyd Garrison, a prominent abolitionist, publicly objected to his views.
Alexander Crummell, on the other hand, thought that African-Americans should move to Liberia in order to spread Christianity and Western culture there. Crummell's worldview may have been shaped by his mission work and living overseas. Crummell was the first black man to graduate from Cambridge. He also experienced racism in his early years at Noyes Academy in New Hampshire. Crummell would go on to found the American Negro Academy. His goal was to educate black men so that they could go overseas and benefit an entire continent. His early experiences with racism may have led him to the conclusion that it would be hard for African-Americans to be treated fairly in the US.


Walker, a free black man living in the pre–Civil War United States, strongly opposed colonization. Many people thought the "problem" of black people in the United States could be solved by sending black people living in the United States back to Africa. Walker disagreed and became one of the founders of the Massachusetts General Colored Association, a group which fought against deporting black people to other parts of the world, such as Liberia. Instead, he wanted to end slavery and discrimination in America. He died, however, in 1830, decades before the dream of abolition came to fruition.
Like Walker, Crummel, also black, initially opposed colonization of Africa by US black people. However, he later changed his mind. After he traveled to Liberia as an Episcopal missionary in 1853, he came to strongly support colonization of Africa by US black people. He thought American black people had a special responsibility to bring western civilization and the Christian religion to the African continent.
http://www.bu.edu/missiology/missionary-biography/c-d/crummell-alexander-1819-1898/

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